7 November 2019, St Kilda Hebrew Congregation, Melbourne, Australia
Speaking at a dinner in honor of my father in 2000, Justice Michael Kirby then a High Court judge said:
In a life, such as Louis Waller has lived, it is not enough to begin with his academic laurels. To understand him, and the wellsprings of his humanity, it is essential to journey back to Siedlce in Poland.
My father, Peter Louis Waller,
הריני כפרת משכבו פנחס יהודה בן יעקב דב הכהן
was born Pinchas Leib Waligora in Siedlce Poland on 9th February 1935.
His birth was registered by his father the following day, so 10th February became his official birthday.
Like many other cities in Europe, Siedlce (which is situated about 100 km east of Warsaw) had a significant Jewish population. In 1935 Jews constituted some 40% of the city's population of 30,000.
Of course, all that changed forever during the Second World War. By the end of 1942, almost every member of its Jewish population had been murdered in Treblinka.
That was the fate that befell almost all of my father’s Siedlce family.
Somehow, sensing the impending doom, Dad’s parents managed to leave Poland with their 3 year old son in 1938 and made their way by sea to Melbourne.
Dad’s parents had both been raised in orthodox hassidic homes. Indeed, the sandek at Dad’s bris in 1935 (given the honor of holding Dad while he was circumcised) was the Biale Rebbe. There were also strong family connections on my grandmother’s side to the Alexander Rebbe.
Dad’s father had received a cheder and yeshiva education in Siedlce, but at the age of 18 he was conscripted into the Polish army for 4 years, and thereafter became a fervent supporter of the Linke Poale Zion, the left wing Socialist Zionist movement, and the life-style associated with it. So, by the time they arrived in Melbourne in 1938 with Dad then aged 3, my grandparents’ religious observance had diminished.
But my grandparents had decided that their son would have a Jewish education and a Jewish life. They understood that while in Siedlce, yiddishkeit was all-pervasive whatever one’s personal practice, in Melbourne they had to work at being Jewish especially if they wanted to ensure that Dad would remain so.
So, in 1940, aged 5, Dad became a pupil at the St Kilda Hebrew School. And from 1942 (while his father was conscripted, this time as a “friendly alien” in the Sixth Employment Company of the Australian Army) he began walking with his mother every Shabbat morning to St Kilda Synagogue from their rented cottage in Argyle Street. From the age of 9, Dad attended services every Friday evening as well.
After the Second World War my grandfather became a regular congregant here too, and he remained so until he died in 1981.
It is therefore particularly appropriate that this Shloshim service, marking 30 days since my father left this world, is being held here at St Kilda Synagogue.
* * *
Rabbi Jacob Danglow, who led this Synagogue for more than half a century between 1905 and 1957, had a powerful impact on my grandparents and on Dad.
In a speech he delivered in 1980 on the 100th anniversary of Rabbi Danglow’s birth, Dad said that when Rabbi Danglow stood in the pulpit – this pulpit – delivering his sermons he could, as a child, imagine no other occupant.
This is how Dad described Rabbi Danglow in that speech:
...pre-eminent always...- dark; a sun-tanned face, an iron-grey moustache, black canonicals, relieved a little by the bands of white at his throat, and draped in a silk tallit with blue stripes, a tiny replica of which I and every boy in the synagogue wore in those days...
Although he could imagine no one else occupying the pulpit, as an 8 year old attending Sunday school here, on one occasion Dad was directed to go into the shule ascend the pulpit and read from the Singers Prayer Book until he was told to stop. A microphone was being installed for some occasion and the electrician wanted to test its effectiveness. Dad said:
I mounted the steps with trepidation. The view I had was breathtaking, but I was also seized by a terrible fear. What if Rabbi Danglow should at that moment come through the door and see me? He would surely thunder “Get out!” and banish me forever from the shule.
Dad celebrated his barmitzvah in this shule on 21st February 1948 (parshat Tetzaveh). He remembers standing in the Warden’s box as Rabbi Danglow implored him to conduct himself so as to be a source of pride to his parents, his family and his school.
Exactly 3 months later, on 21st May 1948, David Ben Gurion proclaimed the declaration formally establishing the State of Israel.
Dad recalls attending a special thanksgiving service in this shule after the establishment of Medinat Yisrael.
He said:
Rabbi Danglow delivered a sermon which I do remember — it was on the theme that Israel should be a Jewish state. And when the choir, which throughout the war had sung the National Anthem to end the service, concluded instead with Hatikvah, I knew that the world had changed. Whatever happened, my life and the lives of my contemporaries would thereafter in large degree, be bound up with the life and future of Israel.
Of course, Dad’s words were prescient.
Because it would be in Israel where he would fall in love with Mum in the summer of 1957.
And it would be in Israel where my brother Anthony and sister Elly would make their homes, and together with Michal and Michael would raise their families.
And it would be in Israel where we would celebrate Mum and Dad’s 60th wedding anniversary - returning to the place where it all began, but this time surrounded by their 35 children, grandchildren and great grandchildren.
And it will be in Israel tomorrow that a Shloshim service will take place in Modi’in arranged by Anthony and Elly, at which a siyum mishnayot will be conducted marking the special learning that has been undertaken in Dad’s memory during the last 30 days.
* * *
Dad continued to attend this Synagogue regularly until he sailed to England to commence post graduate study at Oxford in 1956. And in later years Dad continued to attend here on those days when he could drive to shule.
So, he would return to the synagogue of his youth to celebrate the triumph of Purim and to commemorate the tragedy of Tisha B’Av and on other occasions as well.
As a boy, Dad also continued his formal Jewish education at its Hebrew school, attending classes on Shabbat mornings after shule, on Sunday mornings and on Monday, Tuesday and Thursday afternoons.
Dad’s life changed completely when, in March 1950, Reverend Bert Wreschner, then assistant minister of STKHC and Headmaster of the Hebrew School, appointed Dad, then aged 15, as a teacher in the Hebrew School responsible for a class of 10 and 11 year old boys and girls.
Dad said that that experience was “to light the fires of enthusiasm for Jewish learning and for teaching” in his impressionable mind.
In his matriculation exams in 1951 Dad received first class honours in Hebrew.
And in each year of his law degree, Dad continued his studies in Biblical Hebrew and Aramaic at Melbourne University in the Department of Semitic Studies under the renowned Professor Maurice David Goldman.
* * *
While Dad received his formal Jewish education at St Kilda Hebrew School, his informal Jewish education was probably more influential.
Of course, it came primarily from his home, from his mother and from his father who as a young boy had been a Talmudic prodigy and was well versed in Jewish law and practice.
Dad recalls being taught by his father to read Rashi script and, together with him, studying the biblical commentaries on the weekly Torah portion. His father also taught him how to read and write Yiddish which had been Dad’s mamaloshen (his mother tongue) from the time he could speak.
Dad’s informal Jewish education also came from 2 other principal sources.
From the age of 11 until he was 14, Dad attended an informal gathering called Oyneg Shabbos organised and led by a young man named Eli Loebenstein. Meetings were held on Shabbat afternoons in the homes of some of the participants where there were stories, games, songs – as well as cake and lemonade. Eli spoke to them about the forthcoming Jewish holidays, or about an episode in the Torah reading of the week, or about tallis and tefillin, or about all manner of matters Jewish and made sure that every person in the group was regarded as an important participant.
Dad later wrote:
I didn't see Eli often after the end of Oyneg Shabbos. I remember him today with undiminished fondness, and with deep respect. What he did for me, and my Oyneg Shabbos companions, he did because he wanted to ensure that we Melbourne Jewish kids understood how wonderful was our inheritance, and how precious was each Shabbos we enjoyed.
The second major informal influence on Dad was Bnei Akiva. Between the ages of 12 and 21, a large part of Dad’s life was lived in this Religious Zionist youth movement.
As a madrich or youth leader Dad welcomed the opportunities for autonomy and independence.
And his own madrichim left indelible impressions on him, particularly Arnold Bloch ע׳ה who showed Dad that Jewish learning and secular studies not only could, but should, merit equal attention and that the insights from one could illuminate the other.
The seeds of Jewish life and learning that were planted in Dad as a boy took root and flourished, imbuing his life with a spiritual dimension that permeated everything he did thereafter.
* * *
Dad returned to Melbourne in 1959 having obtained a BCL with first class honours from Oxford, but more importantly having met and married Mum.
Their first home was a flat in Glenhuntly Road Elwood. So from about June 1959 until October 1962 Dad davened at Elwood TTC. Dad especially enjoyed the davening of Chazan Adler who he described as “a superb ba'al tefila, and free of prima-donnaish characteristics”.
In 1962, Mum and Dad moved to Hartley Ave, Caulfield and Dad began a life-long association with another, very different, sort of synagogue.
In fact, in name not a synagogue or Bet Knesset, but a Bet Midrash (a house of learning) - the Caulfield Beth HaMedrash, colloquially known to many as Katanga.
Interestingly, Dad rarely if ever used that appellation, referring to it simply as “the Beis Medrash”.
It had no ornate sanctuary, no imposing dome, no Anglo-Jewish heritage, indeed no official rabbi.
Instead it comprised devout and learned Holocaust survivors whose mother tongue was Yiddish. Dad enjoyed its simplicity and authenticity and forged close personal relationships with generations of its mitpallelim.
For at least the last 20 years Dad would speak on Shabbat afternoons twice a year - on Parshat Mishpatim and Parshat Shoftim whose Torah readings dealt with legal matters.
Dad, the public teacher of law, enjoyed preparing and delivering these intimate lectures in which he would skilfully weave his own experiences, insights and reflections into the biblical text.
He delivered his last such talk just 2 months ago.
Dad’s final appearance at his beloved Beis Medrash was on Rosh Hashana the Jewish New Year - less than 6 weeks ago.
His last public pronouncement that day was his recitation of the Birkat Kohanim – the Priestly Blessing – which he always did with pride and more importantly be’ahava with love.
The memory of that day will stay with me forever.
Dad’s affiliation with, and attraction to, these very different places of worship – to St Kilda Hebrew Congregation and to the Caulfield Beth HaMedrash - speaks to his openness to different forms of Orthodox Jewish expression.
Dad understood the need for fidelity to tradition, to halacha, but accepted that there were “shivim panim letorah” many ways of expressing that connection.
That openness to different outlooks and approaches characterized Dad’s involvement with a vast range of Jewish organisations during his life - in education, in welfare, and in communal life.
With Bert Wreschner, Dad assisted the newly established Moriah College which we attended in the 1960’s. Later, when we moved to Mount Scopus College, Dad chaired its Education Committee.
He helped establish programs to enhance tertiary Jewish studies at both Monash University and the University of Melbourne.
Dad served as Chairman of the Advisory Committee of the Australian Centre for Jewish Civilisation at Monash University which is dedicated to teaching about the evolution of Jewish civilisation and its contribution to the world.
He also served on the Board of Governors of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and of Tel Aviv University. And he was instrumental in the development of the Hillel Foundation in Victoria promoting Jewish life on university campuses and the establishment of Australian Academics for Peace in the Middle East.
Together with Mum he was actively involved with Bnai Brith for decades and more recently also with Courage to Care, the Makor Library and Jewish Care.
Throughout his life, Dad’s love of learning never ceased, his study overflowing with books, especially of Jewish law and lore (L.O.R.E. as Dad would say) spilling into bookshelves in every room of their home.
In recent years Dad rekindled his love of Yiddish, topping the State in VCE Yiddish and attending weekly conversation classes.
* * *
In a recently published book by Susan Bartie on Pioneering Australian Legal Scholars, she writes that as a law teacher, together with Peter Brett, Dad’s goal was not simply to produce competent legal practitioners, but to foster a sense of moral awareness in their students and to impress upon them the onerous moral responsibilities lawyers faced.
In teaching criminal law Dad would introduce his first lecture with Rv Dudley & Stevens the famous case involving human cannibalism on the high seas to illustrate the tension that exists between law and morality. That lesson and the issues it raised have remained with Dad’s students throughout their lives.
And as a pioneering law reformer, much of Dad’s work concerned the beginning and the end of life. Dad had to grapple with the most difficult legal, social and ethical dilemmas thrown up by scientific and medical advances in IVF and assisted reproduction technology.
A feature article in the Age in June 1982 stated:
The professor’s respect for human life is informed by his religious belief.
It quoted Dad as saying : “I am Jewish; it is part of the fabric of my life”.
And so it was.
In everything that he was, and in everything that he did.
* * *
In his study of Biblical Hebrew at University, and in the years since, Dad read the famous verse in the Book of Michah, where the Prophet says:
He has told you, O man, what is good, and what the Lord demands of you;
Only that you do justice,
love kindness,
and walk Humbly with your God.
הִגִּ֥יד לְךָ֛ אָדָ֖ם מַה־טּ֑וֹב וּמָה ה דּוֹרֵ֣שׁ מִמְּךָ֗ כִּ֣י אִם־עֲשׂ֚וֹת מִשְׁפָּט֙ וְאַ֣הֲבַת חֶ֔סֶד וְהַצְנֵ֥עַ לֶ֖כֶת עִם־אֱלֹקיךָ:
That simple yet profound verse encapsulates so beautifully Dad’s life.
A life devoted to justice – to teaching generations of lawyers, judges and legislators that the law must be an instrument of justice, to reforming the law so that it achieved that end, and to living a life of personal integrity
A life infused with kindness – in his lifelong relationships and in his daily interactions.
And – despite his enormous achievements - a life characterized by humility.
To have been so close to someone who embodied these qualities is a privilege that Adina and I and our children and our grandchildren will always cherish.
And a constant reminder to us of what we should strive to be.
* * *
In the speech he gave about Rabbi Danglow, Dad recalls a final memory.
It is Yom Kippur. The day of Atonement.
The shule is full, and almost still, darkened by approaching night.
It is Neilah, the final service on this holiest of holy days.
On the bimah, enveloped in white kittel and woollen tallit stands the rabbi.
In Dad’s description:
The limpid words of the liturgical poem capture the scene and fix the atmosphere:
Hayom yifneh,
hashemesh yavo v’yifneh
Navo’ah sh’arecha
The day is passing,
The sun is low, the day is growing late.
O – let us come into Thy gates at last.
So let me conclude with my final memory of my father.
It is Yom Kippur. The Day of Atonement.
Night has fallen.
It is Kol Nidrei, the first service on this holiest of holy days.
But we are not in shule.
We are gathered around Dad’s hospital bed.
Enveloped in white kittel and woollen tallit, we sing the haunting melodies that have resonated with our people for centuries and which Dad loved.
Then, we begin to recite our silent devotion.
As we symbolically beat our chests in confession - we see that Dad’s chest is now still.
The day has now passed,
the sun has now set
And Dad’s soul is about to enter Thy gates at last.
Yehi zichro baruch
May his memory be a blessing